Legal. (a) Ergosterol, (b) Demosterol, (c) Coprosterol, (d) Lanosterol. 2. Although they are composed primarily of carbon and hydrogen, lipid molecules may also contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorous. In addition to statins or other cholesterol-lowering medications, you may be able to improve your lipid profile with some of the following lifestyle changes: A lipid disorder means you have high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, or both. 34. This study adds to the growing body of…, A new report on childhood cholesterol levels delivers some promising news, but it's not time to cheer. D. molecules that are part of hormones and pigments A type of lipid which is not made from glycerol or fatty acids. (a) 5-membered ring, (b) 6-membered ring, (c) 8- membered ring, (d) None of the above. 27. (a) Phosphoprotein, (b) Mucooprotein, (c) Lipoprotein, (d) Glycoprotein. 97. Because all three substituents on the glycerol backbone are long hydrocarbon chains, these compounds are nonpolar and not significantly attracted to polar water molecules—they are hydrophobic. Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\) depicts a typical phospholipid composed of two fatty acids linked to glycerol (a diglyceride). 39. 53. Lipogenesis is higher when____________ is fed instead of _____________. 125. Essential fatty acids effect the prolongation of clotting time and increase fibrinolytic activity. 86. 16. Cholesterol occurs in animal fats as well as in plant fats. Cholesterol is part lipid, part protein. Diversity among the oligosaccharide chains found in the carbohydrate coating of the cell surface can be achieved in which of the following ways? (a) High, (b) Very high, (c) Very low, (d) Low. Δ9 indicates a double bond between carbon atoms of the fatty acids. a. 74. molecules having structural role in membranes, molecules that are part of hormones and pigments. 31. Cholesterol is the most common member of the __________ group, found in animal tissues; it has a tetracyclic carbon ring system with a __________ bond in one of the rings and one free __________group. True. Thromboxane’s and _________ are _________. Lipase present in the stomach cannot hydrolyze fats owing to. Microorganisms can thrive under many different conditions, including high-temperature environments such as hot springs. (a) 4 Mols of O2, (b) 3 Mols of O2, (c) 2 Mols of O2, (d) 1 Mole of O2. A protein can be embedded on the cytosolic side of the membrane bilayer by employing a hydrophobic α helix. Phosphatidylserine is the most abundant type of phospholipid found in cell membranes. Acetoacetyl-CoA is splitted to___________ by the enzyme__________. Because histamine triggers the body’s inflammatory response, the ability of hydrocortisone to reduce the local production of histamine in the skin effectively suppresses the immune system and helps limit inflammation and accompanying symptoms such as pruritus (itching) and rashes. The results are measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). 55. When glucose utilization in adipose tissue is reduced, the minimum portion of it is utilized to form acylglycerol. 76. Glycolipids are examples in which carbohydrates are bonded to the lipids’ head groups. Instead of another fatty acid molecule (as for triglycerides), the third binding position on the glycerol molecule is occupied by a modified phosphate group. Tricarboxylate transporter; Citrate. The intermediates from squalence to cholesterol are attached to a special__________ known as the _________. 20. Describe how phospholipids are used to construct biological membranes. The reduction product of cholesterol by bacteria in the intestine occurs in feces. Probucol causes to increase_________ catabolism but its _____________ properties are more important. Cholesterol is a type of fat in your body and several of the foods you eat. (a) Lipotropic factor, (b) Vitamin A, (c) Calcium, (d) Vitamin C. 94. (a) Intestine, (b) Muscle, (c) Kidney, (d) Liver. Lecithin can exist in _________ or_________ forms. Describe the structure of a typical phospholipid. (a) C -I, (b) C – II, (c) C – III, (d) B. Biological membranes are large-scale structures based on phospholipid bilayers that provide hydrophilic exterior and interior surfaces suitable for aqueous environments, separated by an intervening hydrophobic layer. Gaucher’s disease is caused by the deficiency of the enzyme _____________. 34. 67. 107. The protein moiety of lipoprotein is known as. Cardiovascular health among youths still has…, In a pair of articles published today in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers tout the potential of bempedoic acid as a powerful new tool…, As far as natural alternatives to chemical ingredients go, capric acid and caprylic triglyceride is one of the cleanest ingredients that you can find…. The number of carbon atoms in decanoic acid present in butter, 39. 52. 97. In humans, the main wax production occurs within the sebaceous glands of hair follicles in the skin, resulting in a secreted material called sebum, which consists mainly of triacylglycerol, wax esters, and the hydrocarbon squalene. Lipoproteins may be identified more accurately by means of. (a) Nervonic acid, (b) Hydroxynervonic acid, (c) Lignoceric acid, (d) Hydroxylignoceric acid. The severe atherosclerosis is accompanied by the prolonged elevated levels of _____________ and ________ in the blood. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. The essential fatty acids of vegetable oils have low _____________ and _____________. The HMG-CoA reductase activity is not _____________ in diabetes mellitus. 30. Fatty liver causes the metabolic block in the synthesis of lipoproteins from _____________ and _____________. A phospholipid is considered this because it has a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail. Phospholipids act as prosthetic group to enzymes. 104. 31. (a) Methyl, (b) Ethyl, (c) Phytyl, (d) Cetyl. 64. 32. Notice the “R” designation within the hydrophilic head depicted in Figure 2, indicating that a polar head group can be more complex than a simple phosphate moiety. 1. Plagiarism Prevention 4. 67. Niacin in the dosage of____________ thrice daily ________ cholesterol and triacylglycerol. (a) Pancreas, (b) Liver, (c) Kidney, (d) Muscle. The β-lipoprotein fraction increases in severe. Cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in per cent present in lipoproteins is, 29. Fatty acids with hydrocarbon chains that contain only single bonds are called saturated fatty acids because they have the greatest number of hydrogen atoms possible and are, therefore, “saturated” with hydrogen. Triacylglycerol; Extrahepatic tissue. Cholesterol is more soluble in water than a triacylglyceride or a phospholipid. In the structure of linoleic acid the unsaturated carbon atoms are at _____________& __________. The reduced NAD is required for the conversion of β-hydroxyacyl-CoA to β-keto acyl-CoA. Waxes contain esters formed from long-chain __________ and saturated __________, and they may also contain substituted hydrocarbons. Fungi and some protozoa produce a similar compound called ergosterol, which strengthens the cell membranes of these organisms. 37. 111. boundary for the cell. The poly unsaturated fatty acids which are not synthesized in the body but are taken from natural sources are called _____________. (a) Hydropholic, (b) Hydrophilic, (c) Both of the above, (d) None of the above. Explain why fatty acids with hydrocarbon chains that contain only single bonds are called saturated fatty acids. These bilayers are the structural basis for cell membranes in most organisms, as well as subcellular components such as vesicles. The only role of the carbohydrate layer on the cell surface is to absorb water, which creates a slimy surface and prevents cells from sticking to each other. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase is not present in _____________. Glycolipids lack the glycerol component found in phospholipids. (a) Apo-protein, (b) Pre-protein, (c) Post-protein, (d) Pseudoprotein. 57. Peroxides are formed at the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids by oxidation when exposed to air. If you overeat and don’t exercise, your triglyceride levels can rise. (a) D, (b) E, (c) F, (d) All of the above. Which group of enzymes accomplishes both of these tasks? 38. Each one works a little differently, but they’re all designed to lower LDL levels in the bloodstream. 44. 52. 29. (a) Lipogenesis, (b) Ketogenesis, (c) Lipolysis, (d) Ketolysis. Fatty acids having no double bonds are called “unsaturated.”. 8. 23. 51. Dense. Membrane proteins that pump ions in and out of the cell are classified as enzymes. Question: Cholesterol Is More Soluble In Water Than A Triacylglyceride Or A Phospholipid. Inositol exerts a limited________ effect in________ free diet.